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Indications and Dosage
Oral
Hyperphosphataemia in patients with chronic renal failure Adult: Up to 10 g daily in divided doses, adjusted to individual patient’s requirement. Oral Antacid Adult: Doses of up to 1 g, given after meals and at bedtime. Topical/Cutaneous Skin protectant Adult: As 0.275% gel: Clean and dry affected area thoroughly then apply as needed or as directed.
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Administration
May be taken with or without food.
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Contraindications
Hypophosphataemia, acute porphyria.
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Special Precautions
Patient w/ restricted phosphate intake, low Na diet, uraemia, heart failure, oedema, recent GI haemorrhage. Hepatic (e.g. cirrhosis) and renal (e.g. chronic renal failure) impairment. Pregnancy.
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Adverse Reactions
Constipation, intestinal obstruction, faecal discolouration and impaction, nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps; hypomagnesaemia, hypophosphataemia.
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Patient Counseling Information
Avoid application over deep and puncture wounds, infected areas, or lacerations.
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Monitoring Parameters
Monitor serum Ca and phosphate levels regularly when patient is on chronic therapy.
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Overdosage
Symptoms: Phosphate depletion, (manifested in muscle weakness, anorexia, malaise) which may lead to osteomalacia, osteoporosis, or urinary calculi. Management: Employ gastric lavage, and if necessary, followed by a mild aperient.
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Drug Interactions
May interfere w/ the absorption of some drugs including tetracyclines, penicillin, sulfonamides, Fe, digoxin, indometacin, naproxen, phenylbutazone, quinidine and vit. Absorption is enhanced by citrates or ascorbic acid.
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Food Interaction
Prolonged availability and increased concentration w/ food.
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Action
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Aluminium hydroxide neutralises HCl in the stomach resulting in increased gastric pH and inhibition of pepsin activity. Additionally, it reduces absorption of phosphate by binding and forming insoluble complexes in the GI tract. Duration: 20-60 min (fasting); up to 3 hr (after meal). Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Slowly converted to Al chloride which is absorbed from the GI tract. Excretion: Via urine (17-30%) and faeces (as insoluble Al salts formed in the intestines). |
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Storage
Store below 30°C.
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MIMS Class
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ATC Classification
A02AB01 - aluminium hydroxide ; Belongs to the class of aluminium-containing antacids.
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References
Anon. Aluminum Hydroxide. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 02/10/2016. Buckingham R (ed). Aluminium Hydroxide. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 02/10/2016. Derma Gran Ointment (Derma Sciences Canada, Inc.). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/. Accessed 02/10/2016. Joint Formulary Committee. Aluminium Hydroxide. British National Formulary [online]. London. BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 02/10/2016.
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