Carboplatin

Intravenous
Advanced ovarian carcinoma, Small cell lung cancer

CrCl (mL/min)	Dosage
16-40	200 mg/m2.
41-59	Recommended dose: 250 mg/m2.

Carboplatin reacts w/ Al causing loss of potency and forming a precipitate, do not use needles, syringes, catheters, IV admin sets containing Al parts. Incompatible w/ amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex.

Hypersensitivity to carboplatin or other platinum-containing compd (e.g. cisplatin). Patient w/ severe bone marrow depression or significant bleeding; bleeding tumours. Concomitant use w/ yellow fever vaccine.

Renal impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.

Bone marrow suppression (thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, leucopenia), anaemia; nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, constipation, mucous membrane disorder; decreased CrCl, blood Na, K, Ca, and Mg; increased blood urea, blood alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, abnormal LFTs; infections, resp disorder, interstitial lung disease, haemorrhage, ototoxicity; alopecia, skin disorder, musculoskeletal disorder, asthenia, urogenital disorder; peripheral neuropathies, paraesthesia, decreased osteotendinous reflexes, visual disturbances (including vision loss), sensory disturbances, dysgeusia.
Potentially Fatal: Anaphylactic-type reactions (e.g. facial oedema, dyspnoea, tachycardia, low BP, urticaria, anaphylactic shock, bronchospasm), CV events including cardiac failure, embolism and cerebrovascular accident.

IV/Parenteral: D

This drug may cause nausea, vomiting, vision abnormalities and ototoxicity, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery.

Determine haematologic nadir by wkly blood counts during initial courses. Closely monitor hepatic and renal function tests. Neurological function including hearing assessment should also be monitored.

Additive myelosuppressive effects w/ other myelosuppressive agents. Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity w/ aminoglycosides or diuretics. Excessive immunosuppression w/ risk of lymphoproliferation w/ ciclosporin. Increased risk of exacerbation of convulsions w/ phenytoin, fosphenytoin. Enhanced adverse/toxic effects of live attenuated vaccines.
Potentially Fatal: Risk of generalised disease mortal w/ yellow fever vaccine.

Description:
Mechanism of Action: Carboplatin is an alkylating agent which binds covalently to DNA. It modifies the cell cycle by interfering w/ DNA structure and function.
Pharmacokinetics:
Distribution: Widely distributed into body tissues and fluids, w/ highest concentrations in the kidney, liver, skin, and tumour tissue (as platinum). Volume of distribution: 16 L. Plasma protein binding: Irreversible (platinum).
Metabolism: Undergoes minimal hepatic metabolism to aquated and hydroxylated compd.
Excretion: Mainly via urine, approx a third of a dose is excreted unchanged. Terminal half-life: Approx 6 hr (as free platinum).

Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Carboplatin, CID=426756, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Carboplatin (accessed on Jan. 21, 2020)

Store at 25°C. Protect from light.

Cytotoxic Chemotherapy

L01XA02 - carboplatin ; Belongs to the class of platinum-containing antineoplastic agents. Used in the treatment of cancer.

Anon. Carboplatin. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 19/01/2016.

Buckingham R (ed). Carboplatin. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 19/01/2016.

Carboplatin Injection Solution (Teva Parenteral Medicines, Inc.). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/. Accessed 19/01/2016.

McEvoy GK, Snow EK, Miller J et al (eds). Carboplatin. AHFS Drug Information (AHFS DI) [online]. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 19/01/2016.